What is the current annual payout ratio of RF?

RF annual payout ratio is unknown

What is 1-year change in RF annual payout ratio?

RF annual payout ratio 1-year change is unknown

What is 3-year change in RF annual payout ratio?

RF annual payout ratio 3-year change is unknown

How far is RF annual payout ratio from its all-time high?

RF annual payout ratio vs all-time high is unknown

When is RF next annual earnings release?

As of today, the next annual earnings release for RF has not been scheduled

What is RF next ex-dividend date?

As of today, the next dividend for RF has not been scheduled

What is the current TTM payout ratio of RF?

As of today, RF TTM payout ratio is 44.84%

What is RF TTM payout ratio most recent change?

RF TTM payout ratio remained unchanged on January 16, 2026

What is 1-year change in RF TTM payout ratio?

RF TTM payout ratio is down -11.59% year-over-year

How far is RF TTM payout ratio from its all-time high?

RF TTM payout ratio is currently -64.20% below its historical high of 125.25% set on September 30, 2008

How does RF TTM payout ratio rank versus sector peers?

RF TTM payout ratio is higher than 85.56% of companies in Financial Services sector

When is RF next earnings release?

The next earnings release for RF is on April 17, 2026

What is RF next ex-dividend date?

As of today, the next dividend for RF has not been scheduled

What is the current quarterly payout ratio of RF?

RF quarterly payout ratio is unknown

What is RF quarterly payout ratio most recent change?

RF quarterly payout ratio change on December 31, 2025 is unknown

What is 1-year change in RF quarterly payout ratio?

RF quarterly payout ratio 1-year change is unknown

How far is RF quarterly payout ratio from its all-time high?

RF quarterly payout ratio vs all-time high is unknown

When is RF next earnings release?

The next earnings release for RF is on April 17, 2026

What is RF next ex-dividend date?

As of today, the next dividend for RF has not been scheduled

RF Payout Ratio History & Chart Since 1980

Annual Payout Ratio

N/A

December 31, 2025

Summary

Status: RF annual payout ratio is unknown

Payout Ratio Chart

Performance

RF Performance
Metric	Date	Value	1Y	3Y	5Y	15Y
Annual Payout Ratio	Dec 31, 25	-	–	–	–	–
Quarterly Payout Ratio	Dec 31, 25	-	–	–	–	–
TTM Payout Ratio	Jan 16, 26	44.84%	-11.6%	+38.0%	-25.7%	+807.3%
Price	Jan 16, 26	$27.77	+13.3%	+23.8%	+52.3%	+271.8%
Annual Dividend Yield	Jan 16, 26	3.71%	-7.3%	+12.4%	+9.1%	+587.0%
Annual Dividends Paid	Dec 31, 25	-	–	–	–	–
Annual Dividend Per Share	Dec 31, 25	$1.03	+5.1%	+39.2%	+66.1%	+2475.0%
Annual Free Cash Flow	Dec 31, 25	-	–	–	–	–
Annual Revenue	Dec 31, 25	$9.59B	+3.6%	+27.4%	+51.1%	+17.6%
Annual EPS	Dec 31, 25	$2.30	+19.0%	+1.0%	+123.3%	+469.9%

Payout Ratio Highs

RF Annual Payout Ratio Highs Comparison
Period	High	Date	Current
3Y	52.51%	Dec 31, 24	N/A
5Y	63.80%	N/A	N/A
All	119.58%	Dec 31, 11	N/A

Payout Ratio Lows

RF Annual Payout Ratio Lows Comparison
Period	Low	Date	Current
3Y	33.94%	N/A	N/A
5Y	28.40%	Dec 31, 21	N/A
All	-43.23%	Dec 31, 10	N/A

Payout Ratio History

Year	Value	Change
2024	52.51%	+23.1%
2023	42.67%	+25.7%
2022	33.94%	+19.5%
2021	28.40%	-55.5%
2020	63.80%	+53.8%
2019	41.47%	+26.0%
2018	32.91%	-0.4%
2017	33.04%	+0.4%
2016	32.90%	-3.9%
2015	34.23%	+30.7%
2014	26.18%	+74.8%
2013	14.98%	+73.2%
2012	8.65%	-92.8%
2011	119.58%	+376.6%
2010	-43.23%	-49.1%
2009	-29.00%	-142.1%
2008	-11.98%	-116.1%
2007	74.32%	+23.2%
2005	60.32%	+4.3%
2004	57.86%	+39.6%
2003	41.44%	-0.9%
2002	41.81%	-15.0%

Year	Value	Change
2001	49.17%	+8.8%
2000	45.20%	+7.0%
1999	42.24%	+16.2%
1997	36.36%	-4.5%
1996	38.08%	+9.6%
1995	34.76%	+0.9%
1994	34.46%	-0.5%
1993	34.62%	-1.1%
1992	34.99%	-13.3%
1991	40.38%	-7.8%
1990	43.80%	-1.1%
1989	44.30%	-2.4%
1988	45.39%	+2.2%
1987	44.42%	+17.3%
1986	37.87%	+11.8%
1985	33.86%	-4.0%
1984	35.26%	+0.7%
1983	35.02%	-9.9%
1982	38.85%	+23.4%
1981	31.49%	0.0%
1980	31.49%	-

FAQ

What is the current annual payout ratio of RF?
RF annual payout ratio is unknown
What is 1-year change in RF annual payout ratio?
RF annual payout ratio 1-year change is unknown
What is 3-year change in RF annual payout ratio?
RF annual payout ratio 3-year change is unknown
How far is RF annual payout ratio from its all-time high?
RF annual payout ratio vs all-time high is unknown
When is RF next annual earnings release?
As of today, the next annual earnings release for RF has not been scheduled
What is RF next ex-dividend date?
As of today, the next dividend for RF has not been scheduled

TTM Payout Ratio

44.84%0.00%0.00%

January 16, 2026

Summary

Current Value: As of today, RF TTM payout ratio is 44.84%, unchanged on January 16, 2026
Historical Performance: RF TTM payout ratio is down -11.59% year-over-year, and up +38.05% over the past 3 years
All-Time High Comparison: RF TTM payout ratio is currently -64.20% below its historical high of 125.25% set on September 30, 2008
3-Year Low Comparison: RF TTM payout ratio is +38.05% above its 3-year low of 32.48% reached on January 16, 2023
Sector Comparison: RF TTM payout ratio is higher than 85.56% of companies in Financial Services sector

Performance

RF Performance
Metric	Date	Value	3M	1Y	3Y	5Y
TTM Payout Ratio	Jan 16, 26	44.84%	+0.4%	-11.6%	+38.0%	-25.7%
Quarterly Payout Ratio	Dec 31, 25	-	–	–	–	–
Annual Payout Ratio	Dec 31, 25	-	–	–	–	–
Price	Jan 16, 26	$27.77	+18.9%	+13.3%	+23.8%	+52.3%
TTM Dividend Yield	Jan 16, 26	3.71%	-14.7%	-7.3%	+12.4%	+9.1%
TTM Dividends Paid	Dec 31, 25	-	–	–	–	–
TTM Dividend Per Share	Jan 16, 26	$1.03	+1.5%	+5.1%	+39.2%	+66.1%
TTM Free Cash Flow	Dec 31, 25	-	–	–	–	–
TTM Revenue	Dec 31, 25	$9.56B	-0.2%	+2.1%	+27.5%	+53.2%
TTM EPS	Dec 31, 25	$2.30	+1.1%	+18.9%	+0.8%	+123.5%

TTM Payout Ratio Highs

RF TTM Payout Ratio Highs Comparison
Period	High	Date	Current
1Y	51.24%	Mar 3, 25	-12.5%
3Y	55.33%	Dec 2, 24	-19.0%
5Y	60.32%	Jan 16, 21	-25.7%
All	125.25%	Sep 30, 08	-64.2%

TTM Payout Ratio Lows

RF TTM Payout Ratio Lows Comparison
Period	Low	Date	Current
1Y	44.66%	Sep 30, 25	+0.4%
3Y	32.48%	Jan 16, 23	+38.0%
5Y	23.81%	Sep 30, 21	+88.3%
All	-49.63%	Jun 30, 11	+190.3%

TTM Payout Ratio History

Month	Value	Change
Jan 2026	44.84%	+0.4%
Sep 2025	44.66%	-4.2%
Jun 2025	46.61%	-2.5%
Mar 2025	47.79%	-5.8%
Dec 2024	50.72%	-7.4%
Sep 2024	54.77%	+1.6%
Jun 2024	53.93%	+8.6%
Mar 2024	49.66%	+18.8%
Dec 2023	41.80%	+20.0%
Sep 2023	34.82%	+2.2%
Jun 2023	34.08%	+4.0%
Mar 2023	32.78%	+0.9%
Dec 2022	32.48%	-8.1%
Sep 2022	35.34%	+15.8%
Jun 2022	30.52%	+10.6%
Mar 2022	27.60%	+5.7%
Dec 2021	26.10%	+9.6%
Sep 2021	23.81%	-2.5%
Jun 2021	24.41%	-40.3%
Mar 2021	40.86%	-32.3%
Dec 2020	60.32%	-22.5%
Sep 2020	77.83%	-16.6%
Jun 2020	93.33%	+97.6%
Mar 2020	47.24%	+20.4%
Dec 2019	39.23%	+2.3%
Sep 2019	38.34%	+10.3%
Jun 2019	34.75%	+6.3%
Mar 2019	32.68%	+9.5%
Dec 2018	29.84%	+4.9%
Sep 2018	28.44%	-6.1%
Jun 2018	30.29%	-0.4%
Mar 2018	30.42%	-3.3%
Dec 2017	31.45%	+3.4%
Sep 2017	30.41%	+8.9%
Jun 2017	27.92%	-2.7%
Mar 2017	28.70%	-1.8%
Dec 2016	29.23%	-24.5%
Sep 2016	38.69%	-7.5%
Jun 2016	41.82%	+1.3%
Mar 2016	41.28%	-2.6%
Dec 2015	42.37%	+32.6%
Sep 2015	31.96%	+9.9%
Jun 2015	29.09%	+6.1%
Mar 2015	27.42%	+20.3%
Dec 2014	22.79%	+14.1%
Sep 2014	19.97%	+12.4%
Jun 2014	17.77%	+13.0%
Mar 2014	15.72%	+21.4%
Dec 2013	12.95%	+29.2%
Sep 2013	10.02%	+34.9%
Jun 2013	7.43%	+53.2%
Mar 2013	4.85%	-14.2%
Dec 2012	5.65%	-93.4%
Sep 2012	85.84%	+282.0%
Jun 2012	-47.17%	-184.8%
Mar 2012	-16.56%	-41.2%
Dec 2011	-11.73%	-148.6%
Sep 2011	24.13%	+148.6%
Jun 2011	-49.63%	-400.3%
Mar 2011	-9.92%	-56.5%
Dec 2010	-6.34%	-85.4%
Sep 2010	-3.42%	-17.5%
Jun 2010	-2.91%	0.0%
Mar 2010	-2.91%	+74.9%
Dec 2009	-11.61%	-407.0%
Sep 2009	-2.29%	+32.4%
Jun 2009	-3.39%	+57.3%
Mar 2009	-7.94%	+32.8%
Dec 2008	-11.82%	-109.4%
Sep 2008	125.25%	+20.2%
Jun 2008	104.17%	+24.6%
Mar 2008	83.62%	-0.3%
Dec 2007	83.91%	+28.2%
Sep 2007	65.45%	+10.3%
Jun 2007	59.34%	+5.7%
Mar 2007	56.13%	+8.3%
Dec 2006	51.84%	+1.1%

Month	Value	Change
Sep 2006	51.29%	-7.5%
Jun 2006	55.42%	-8.2%
Mar 2006	60.35%	-5.0%
Dec 2005	63.55%	-1.9%
Sep 2005	64.76%	+0.5%
Jun 2005	64.44%	+2.9%
Mar 2005	62.62%	+5.1%
Dec 2004	59.59%	+4.1%
Sep 2004	57.25%	+1.8%
Jun 2004	56.25%	+0.5%
Mar 2004	55.98%	-1.4%
Dec 2003	56.76%	-1.0%
Sep 2003	57.35%	-1.1%
Jun 2003	57.96%	-2.1%
Mar 2003	59.21%	-1.8%
Dec 2002	60.30%	-3.7%
Sep 2002	62.59%	-4.2%
Jun 2002	65.31%	-7.2%
Mar 2002	70.34%	-3.8%
Dec 2001	73.15%	-0.9%
Sep 2001	73.81%	-0.4%
Jun 2001	74.14%	+3.6%
Mar 2001	71.56%	+3.9%
Dec 2000	68.87%	+0.2%
Sep 2000	68.73%	+0.4%
Jun 2000	68.44%	+2.5%
Mar 2000	66.77%	-2.0%
Dec 1999	68.16%	-0.6%
Sep 1999	68.58%	-15.0%
Jun 1999	80.68%	-2.0%
Mar 1999	82.30%	-2.0%
Dec 1998	83.98%	+2.5%
Sep 1998	81.93%	+25.6%
Jun 1998	65.23%	+23.8%
Mar 1998	52.70%	+32.9%
Dec 1997	39.64%	+21.9%
Sep 1997	32.51%	+36.6%
Jun 1997	23.80%	+8.0%
Mar 1997	22.03%	-0.9%
Dec 1996	22.22%	-5.0%
Sep 1996	23.40%	+7.3%
Jun 1996	21.80%	-1.2%
Mar 1996	22.07%	+6.1%
Dec 1995	20.80%	+7.3%
Sep 1995	19.39%	-0.4%
Jun 1995	19.47%	+2.5%
Mar 1995	18.99%	-0.3%
Dec 1994	19.05%	+4.7%
Sep 1994	18.20%	+2.9%
Jun 1994	17.69%	+1.2%
Mar 1994	17.48%	+1.2%
Dec 1993	17.27%	+2.1%
Sep 1993	16.91%	+1.4%
Jun 1993	16.67%	0.0%
Mar 1993	16.67%	0.0%
Dec 1992	16.67%	+9.7%
Sep 1992	15.20%	+0.5%
Jun 1992	15.13%	+1.5%
Mar 1992	14.91%	+1.6%
Dec 1991	14.68%	-1.8%
Sep 1991	14.95%	-2.8%
Jun 1991	15.38%	-2.9%
Mar 1991	15.84%	-3.9%
Dec 1990	16.49%	-25.8%
Sep 1990	22.22%	-5.6%
Jun 1990	23.53%	+27.5%
Mar 1990	18.46%	>+9,900.0%
Dec 1989	0.00%	0.0%
Dec 1988	0.00%	0.0%
Dec 1987	0.00%	0.0%
Dec 1986	0.00%	0.0%
Dec 1985	0.00%	0.0%
Dec 1984	0.00%	0.0%
Dec 1983	0.00%	0.0%
Dec 1982	0.00%	0.0%
Dec 1981	0.00%	0.0%
Dec 1980	0.00%	-

FAQ

What is the current TTM payout ratio of RF?
As of today, RF TTM payout ratio is 44.84%
What is RF TTM payout ratio most recent change?
RF TTM payout ratio remained unchanged on January 16, 2026
What is 1-year change in RF TTM payout ratio?
RF TTM payout ratio is down -11.59% year-over-year
How far is RF TTM payout ratio from its all-time high?
RF TTM payout ratio is currently -64.20% below its historical high of 125.25% set on September 30, 2008
How does RF TTM payout ratio rank versus sector peers?
RF TTM payout ratio is higher than 85.56% of companies in Financial Services sector
When is RF next earnings release?
The next earnings release for RF is on April 17, 2026
What is RF next ex-dividend date?
As of today, the next dividend for RF has not been scheduled

Quarterly Payout Ratio

N/A

December 31, 2025

Summary

Status: RF quarterly payout ratio is unknown

Performance

RF Performance
Metric	Date	Value	3M	1Y	3Y	5Y
Quarterly Payout Ratio	Dec 31, 25	-	–	–	–	–
Annual Payout Ratio	Dec 31, 25	-	–	–	–	–
TTM Payout Ratio	Jan 16, 26	44.84%	+0.4%	-11.6%	+38.0%	-25.7%
Price	Jan 16, 26	$27.77	+18.9%	+13.3%	+23.8%	+52.3%
TTM Dividend Yield	Jan 16, 26	3.71%	-14.7%	-7.3%	+12.4%	+9.1%
Quarterly Dividends Paid	Dec 31, 25	-	–	–	–	–
TTM Dividend Per Share	Jan 16, 26	$1.03	+1.5%	+5.1%	+39.2%	+66.1%
Quarterly Free Cash Flow	Dec 31, 25	-	–	–	–	–
Quarterly Revenue	Dec 31, 25	$2.43B	+0.5%	-0.7%	+14.7%	+42.2%
Quarterly EPS	Dec 31, 25	$0.58	-5.4%	+4.5%	-17.3%	-4.8%

Quarterly Payout Ratio Highs

RF Quarterly Payout Ratio Highs Comparison
Period	High	Date	Current
1Y	51.43%	Mar 31, 25	N/A
3Y	67.12%	Mar 31, 24	N/A
5Y	67.12%	Mar 31, 24	N/A
All	370.06%	Dec 31, 07	N/A

Quarterly Payout Ratio Lows

RF Quarterly Payout Ratio Lows Comparison
Period	Low	Date	Current
1Y	43.06%	Sep 30, 25	N/A
3Y	30.66%	N/A	N/A
5Y	22.53%	Jun 30, 21	N/A
All	-80.37%	Jun 30, 20	N/A

Quarterly Payout Ratio History

Month	Value	Change
Sep 2025	43.06%	-3.4%
Jun 2025	44.58%	-13.3%
Mar 2025	51.43%	+8.1%
Dec 2024	47.57%	-6.4%
Sep 2024	50.82%	+4.4%
Jun 2024	48.70%	-27.4%
Mar 2024	67.12%	+5.0%
Dec 2023	63.94%	+47.8%
Sep 2023	43.27%	+18.6%
Jun 2023	36.49%	+5.8%
Mar 2023	34.48%	+12.5%
Dec 2022	30.66%	-28.5%
Sep 2022	42.89%	+36.6%
Jun 2022	31.39%	-7.0%
Mar 2022	33.76%	-20.5%
Dec 2021	42.47%	+58.0%
Sep 2021	26.88%	+19.3%
Jun 2021	22.53%	-18.3%
Mar 2021	27.57%	-4.0%
Dec 2020	28.73%	-14.0%
Sep 2020	33.40%	+141.6%
Jun 2020	-80.37%	-175.7%
Mar 2020	106.17%	+137.4%
Dec 2019	44.73%	+11.5%
Sep 2019	40.10%	-1.6%
Jun 2019	40.77%	+1.0%
Mar 2019	40.36%	-0.1%
Dec 2018	40.39%	+27.7%
Sep 2018	31.62%	+2.2%
Jun 2018	30.95%	+8.6%
Mar 2018	28.50%	+470.0%
Dec 2017	5.00%	-87.1%
Sep 2017	38.78%	+22.9%
Jun 2017	31.55%	-46.4%
Mar 2017	58.84%	+78.4%
Dec 2016	32.99%	+7.4%
Sep 2016	30.72%	-7.2%
Jun 2016	33.09%	-5.9%
Mar 2016	35.16%	-3.0%
Sep 2015	36.26%	+9.2%
Jun 2015	33.22%	-5.5%
Mar 2015	35.17%	-9.3%
Dec 2014	38.79%	+40.3%
Sep 2014	27.64%	+5.9%
Jun 2014	26.09%	+63.5%
Mar 2014	15.96%	-21.5%
Dec 2013	20.33%	+21.6%
Sep 2013	16.72%	-10.4%
Jun 2013	18.66%	+182.3%
Mar 2013	6.61%	+7.7%
Dec 2012	6.14%	+36.7%
Sep 2012	4.49%	+12.5%
Jun 2012	3.99%	-83.3%
Mar 2012	23.85%	+161.3%
Dec 2011	-38.89%	-203.9%
Sep 2011	37.42%	-27.2%
Jun 2011	51.38%	-36.7%
Mar 2011	81.16%	+29.0%
Dec 2010	62.92%	+274.1%
Sep 2010	-36.13%	-72.5%
Jun 2010	-20.94%	+34.8%
Mar 2010	-32.14%	-168.5%
Dec 2009	-11.97%	+28.4%
Sep 2009	-16.71%	+46.7%
Jun 2009	-31.38%	-121.6%
Mar 2009	145.45%	>+9,900.0%
Dec 2008	-1.12%	-101.4%
Sep 2008	78.30%	-38.8%
Jun 2008	127.98%	+63.1%
Mar 2008	78.46%	-78.8%
Dec 2007	370.06%	+480.8%

Month	Value	Change
Sep 2007	63.72%	+14.0%
Jun 2007	55.89%	-0.9%
Mar 2007	56.42%	-51.0%
Dec 2006	115.10%	+154.4%
Sep 2006	45.25%	-2.1%
Jun 2006	46.23%	-14.8%
Mar 2006	54.26%	-11.5%
Dec 2005	61.32%	+0.4%
Sep 2005	61.05%	-3.9%
Jun 2005	63.52%	-3.2%
Mar 2005	65.59%	-0.1%
Dec 2004	65.67%	+8.9%
Sep 2004	60.31%	+8.0%
Jun 2004	55.86%	+4.6%
Mar 2004	53.38%	+32.8%
Dec 2003	40.19%	-7.0%
Sep 2003	43.20%	+6.6%
Jun 2003	40.51%	-3.5%
Mar 2003	41.96%	+2.1%
Dec 2002	41.08%	+0.1%
Sep 2002	41.05%	-1.9%
Jun 2002	41.85%	-3.4%
Mar 2002	43.31%	-7.1%
Dec 2001	46.62%	-1.2%
Sep 2001	47.17%	-16.5%
Jun 2001	56.48%	+18.8%
Mar 2001	47.54%	+2.5%
Dec 2000	46.40%	-0.9%
Sep 2000	46.84%	-1.2%
Jun 2000	47.39%	+16.1%
Mar 2000	40.83%	-3.3%
Dec 1999	42.24%	+0.5%
Sep 1999	42.05%	+6.6%
Jun 1999	39.43%	-4.5%
Mar 1999	41.28%	+1.9%
Dec 1998	40.52%	-70.9%
Sep 1998	139.45%	+262.5%
Jun 1998	38.47%	-3.0%
Mar 1998	39.64%	+10.2%
Dec 1997	35.97%	-49.6%
Sep 1997	71.35%	+88.1%
Jun 1997	37.94%	-2.0%
Mar 1997	38.72%	+16.2%
Dec 1996	33.33%	-23.0%
Sep 1996	43.28%	+22.1%
Jun 1996	35.45%	-14.1%
Mar 1996	41.29%	-9.8%
Dec 1995	45.77%	+32.5%
Sep 1995	34.55%	-5.8%
Jun 1995	36.67%	-1.1%
Mar 1995	37.06%	+25.7%
Dec 1994	29.49%	-20.1%
Sep 1994	36.90%	-1.0%
Jun 1994	37.29%	+0.6%
Mar 1994	37.05%	+5.9%
Dec 1993	35.00%	+3.2%
Sep 1993	33.92%	-1.4%
Jun 1993	34.41%	-2.8%
Mar 1993	35.40%	+3.7%
Dec 1992	34.15%	+3.7%
Sep 1992	32.94%	-8.3%
Jun 1992	35.93%	-4.3%
Mar 1992	37.56%	-5.9%
Dec 1991	39.90%	+4.0%
Sep 1991	38.35%	-6.8%
Jun 1991	41.15%	-3.1%
Mar 1991	42.47%	-1.6%
Dec 1990	43.18%	+4.8%
Sep 1990	41.21%	-6.0%
Jun 1990	43.86%	-8.2%
Mar 1990	47.80%	-

FAQ

What is the current quarterly payout ratio of RF?
RF quarterly payout ratio is unknown
What is RF quarterly payout ratio most recent change?
RF quarterly payout ratio change on December 31, 2025 is unknown
What is 1-year change in RF quarterly payout ratio?
RF quarterly payout ratio 1-year change is unknown
How far is RF quarterly payout ratio from its all-time high?
RF quarterly payout ratio vs all-time high is unknown
When is RF next earnings release?
The next earnings release for RF is on April 17, 2026
What is RF next ex-dividend date?
As of today, the next dividend for RF has not been scheduled

Payout Ratio Formula

Payout Ratio =

Dividend Per Share

EPS

× 100%

Data Sources & References

RF Official Website www.regions.com/personal-banking
Most Recent Quarterly Report (10-Q) www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1281761/000128176126000006/0001281761-26-000006-index.htm
Most Recent Annual Report (10-K) www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1281761/000128176126000006/0001281761-26-000006-index.htm
RF Profile on Yahoo Finance finance.yahoo.com/quote/RF
RF Profile on NASDAQ.com www.nasdaq.com/market-activity/stocks/rf